The Effectiveness of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) and Golden Trumpet (Allamanda cathartica) Flower as Natural Larvicides Against Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Introduction: Aedes aegypti is a major dengue vector, requiring alternative plant-based larvicides. Objective: This study compared the larvicidal effectiveness of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) and golden trumpet (Allamanda cathartica) flower extracts against Aedes aegypti larvae. Method: A true experimental study with a completely randomized design (CRD) was conducted using butterfly pea and golden trumpet flower extracts prepared by maceration with distilled water at concentrations of 15%, 25%, 35%, and 45%, with three replications per treatment. Twenty-five third- to fourth-instar Aedes aegypti larvae were exposed to each treatment, and mortality was assessed after 24 hours. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results and Discussion: Butterfly pea extract produced mortality of 38%, 58%, 50%, and 61%, while golden trumpet extract produced 17%, 34%, 37%, and 46%, respectively. Butterfly pea showed higher mortality at all concentrations. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences among concentrations for both extracts (p = 0.018 and p = 0.010). However, the Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference between extracts only at 25% concentration (p = 0.043). Conclusion: Both extracts exhibited larvicidal activity, with butterfly pea showing higher effectiveness descriptively